Is a catalyzed chemical reaction in which synthesis gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is converted into liquid hydrocarbons of various forms. Named for German researchers Franz Fischer and Hans Tropsch

The Fischer–Tropsch process (or Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis) is a catalyzed chemical reaction in which synthesis gas, a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is converted into liquid hydrocarbons of various forms via the use of a reactor with cobalt or iron catalyst.

Nomenclature for an approved process for the creation of jet fuel blending component using FT conversion of syngas. The specification for this fuel is included in ASTM D7566, Annex A1.

Nomenclature for a pending approval for the creation of jet fuel blending component (paraffins and aromatics) using FT conversion of syngas. The specification for this fuel will be included in ASTM D7566, Annex A4.

Organic acids from which fats and oils are made. These can be used as feedstocks for HEFA fuels.

Raw material(s) required for an industrial process, and more specifically, a source of hydrogen and carbon (hydrocarbon) for the production of an alternative fuel. Feedstocks can come in various forms (solid, gas, liquid) and from various sources (e.g. oils, sugars and starches, cellulose, industrial waste streams).

Any of a group of chemical reactions induced by living or nonliving ferments that split complex organic compounds into relatively simple substances (e.g. the conversion of sugars or starches to ethanol and CO2).

Hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, and sulfur hexafluoride are synthetic, powerful greenhouse gases that are emitted from a variety of industrial processes. Fluorinated gases are sometimes used as substitutes for ozone-depleting substances (i.e., CFCs, HCFCs, and halons). These gases are typically emitted in smaller quantities, but because they are potent greenhouse gases, they are sometimes referred to as High Global Warming Potential gases (“High GWP gases”).

Any naturally occurring organic fuel found in the Earth’s crust (such as petroleum, coal and natural gas) formed by fossilization of organic material deposited by decaying plant/animal matter.

Holding place where fuel resides.

Greenhouse Gases (GHG) trap heat in the atmosphere. The principal greenhouse gases that enter the atmosphere because of human activities are Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide and Fluorinated Gases.

The cumulative radiative forcing effects of a gas over a specified time horizon resulting from the emission of a unit mass of gas relative to a reference gas. Used to compare different green-house-gases with each other on a relative basis

It is a thermochemical manufacturing process that converts any material containing carbon—such as coal, petroleum coke (petcoke), or biomass—into synthesis gas (syngas).

A term used to describe all non-military and non-airline flying, encompassing everything from recreational aircraft to experimental aircraft to privately owned and operated business jets. General aviation flies according to FAA’s part 91 or 135 rules.

Pyrolysis process to convert plant biomass into biocrude oil via thermochemical depolymerization, followed by upgrading to jet fuel.

Product of converting vegetable and animal fats from triglycerides into hydrocarbons via hydrogenation to remove oxygen. Jet fuel production requires subsequent cracking of long hydrocarbons to jet fuel length.

Nomenclature for an approved process for the creation of jet fuel blending component using hydroprocessing of plant and animal based fats, oils, and greases (Mono-, di-, and triglycerides, free fatty acids and fatty acid esters). The HEFA process converts the oils into hydrocarbons via hydrogenation to remove essentially all oxygen. Jet fuel production requires subsequent hydroprocessing of these hydrocarbons to jet fuel length. The specification for this fuel is included in ASTM D7566, Annex A2.

A moniker used to describe HEFA-SPK prior to the name being formalized by ASTM D7566.

Substances containing only hydrogen and carbon. Fossil fuels are comprised of hydrocarbons, as are synthetic drop-in jet fuels.

Any of several chemical engineering processes including hydrogenation, hydrocracking and hydrotreating, especially as part of oil refining

Process that removes sulfur and nitrogen in petroleum refineries to improve the quality of gasoline, jet fuels and diesel fuel

Industry group operating as a vehicle for inter-airline cooperation in promoting safe, reliable, secure and economical  air services - for the benefit of the world's consumers